What is color blindness?

Color blindness refers specifically to the inability to distinguish certain colors or to perceive them in a normal way. This condition is often due to a deficiency in the cone cells in the retina, which are sensitive to different wavelengths of light, thus affecting the ability to see certain colors, most commonly red and green hues. Individuals with color blindness may have difficulty distinguishing between these colors or may not see them at all, which can impact their everyday activities, including tasks related to driving, where color recognition is important for understanding traffic signals and signs.

The other options refer to different conditions unrelated to color perception. For instance, the inability to hear sounds clearly is associated with hearing impairments, not visual conditions. A vision condition affecting night driving relates to difficulties with low light vision, which does not specifically pertain to color perception. Lastly, the inability to focus on moving objects describes a different vision problem known as motion perception issues, which is not directly about color blindness. Therefore, the most accurate definition in this context is the inability to see certain colors.